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Which of the following match is not correct in regard to the origin of Harappan civilization?

(1) E.J.H. Mackay

Migration of people from Sumer

(2) Mortimer Wheeler

Migration of ‘idea of civilization’

(3) Amalananda Ghosh

Pre-Harappan culture matured to make Harappan civilization

(4) M. Rafique Mughul

Harappan civilization was inspired by the Mesopotamian civilization


1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

1 Answer

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Best answer
Correct Answer - Option 1 : A

The correct answer is Option A.

  • Ernest John Henry Mackay was an archeologist from Bristol and is well known for his excavations and studies of Mohenjo-Daro and other sites belonging to the Indus Valley Civilisation.
    • Between 1907 and 1912 Mackay carried out archaeological excavations in Egypt and then spent three years on a photographic survey of the Theban Tombs.
    • Ernest Mackay is well known for his excavations at Mohenjo-Daro which was at its peak between 2500 BC and 1900 BC.
  • Sir Robert Eric Mortimer Wheeler was a British archaeologist and officer in the British Army.
    • He served as Director of both the National Museum of Wales and London Museum, Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India, and the founder and Honorary Director of the Institute of Archaeology in London, in addition to writing twenty-four books on archaeological subjects.
    • Wheeler is recognized as one of the most important British archaeologists of the twentieth century, responsible for successfully encouraging British public interest in the discipline and advancing methodologies of excavation and recording.
  • Amalananda Ghosh was an Indian archaeologist, the author and editor of numerous works on India's ancient civilizations, and the organizer and director of archaeological expeditions during the mid-1900s.
  • Muhammad Rafiq Mugal is a Pakistani archaeologist, engaged in investigating of ethnoarchaeological research in Chitral, northern Pakistan.
    • He has been responsible for the direction, technical support, and supervision for restoration and conservation of more than thirty monuments and excavated remains of the Islamic, Buddhist, and Proto-historic periods, in Punjab, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, and Gilgit-Baltistan of Pakistan.

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