Correct Answer - Option 1 : Immediate problems of international relations
Political Geography after World War II:
- After the end of World War II, the Cold War and the shoring up of military-political blocs required a theoretical and ideological justification and applied studies, and therefore stimulated geopolitical works.
- The success of the state in the competition for access to natural resources and foreign markets was considered a condition necessary to raise the standard of living and to maintain social stability.
- Usually, social scientists believed that international relations were an arena of the irreconcilable struggle between nation-states for their vital interests, while they did not see deep contradictions in domestic policy.
- Nations were considered to be groups of people united by origin (“blood” kinship), historical past, language, and culture, and existing since time immemorial.
- According to this approach, each person belongs to an ethnic group since birth; members of this group are related by mutual engagements and have to fulfill specific functions within it determined by their rank in the social hierarchy.
- In other words, primordial views dominated both academic communities and public opinion.
Therefore, it can be said that, with the outbreak of World War 2, the interest in political geography was focused on Immediate problems of international relations.