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Which Act enabled the Governor General to associate representatives of the Indian People with the work of legislation by nominating them to his expanded council ?


1. Government of India Act. 1858
2. Government of India Act. 1861
3. Government of India Act. 1892
4. Government of India Act. 1915

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Correct Answer - Option 2 : Government of India Act. 1861

The correct answer is the Government of India Act. 1861.

  • The Government of India Act, 1861 was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which consolidated the earlier acts relating to British India into a single Act.

  • Lord Canning, who was the Governor-General and Viceroy at the time, introduced the portfolio system.
  • In this system, each member was assigned a portfolio of a particular department.
  • This cabinet had six "ordinary members", who each took charge of a separate department in Calcutta's government: home, revenue, military, law, finance, and (after 1874) public works. The military Commander-in-Chief sat in with the council as an extraordinary member.
  • The Executive Council was enlarged by the addition of a fifth member.
  • For legislative purposes, the Governor-General’s Council was enlarged. Now, there were to be between 6 and 12 additional members (nominated by the Governor-General).
  • The Viceroy was allowed, under the provisions of the Act, to overrule the council on affairs if he deemed it necessary, as was the case in 1879, during the tenure of Lord Lyton.
  • The Viceroy was allowed to issue ordinances lasting six months if the Legislative Council is not in session in an emergency.
  • The 1861 Act restored the legislative powers of Bombay and Madras Presidencies taken away by the Charter Act of 1833.

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