Question

Which among the following was intimately related to the issue of depletion of ozone layer?
1. Stockholm Conference
2. Toronto World Conference
3. Montreal Protocol
4. Rio Conference

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : Montreal Protocol

The Correct Answer is Montreal Protocol.

• An international agreement adopted in 1987 is the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (the Montreal Protocol).
• To help protect the earth's ozone layer, it was planned to avoid the production and import of ozone-depleting substances and reduce their concentration in the atmosphere.
• The Vienna Convention for the Defense of the Ozone Layer is protected by the Montreal Protocol (the Vienna Convention).
• Following the international discussion of scientific observations in the 1970s and 1980s highlighting the detrimental impact of human activity on ozone levels in the stratosphere and the discovery of the 'ozone hole', the Vienna Convention was adopted in 1985.
• The Montreal Protocol is commonly considered to be the most effective agreement for environmental protection. It sets out a mandatory timetable for the phase-out of pollutants that deplete ozone.
• This timeline has been periodically revised, with phase-out dates accelerated in line with scientific understanding and technical advancement.
• For all major ozone-depleting compounds, including chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons and less harmful transitional chemicals such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons(HCFCs), the Montreal Protocol sets binding progressive phase-out obligations for developed and developing countries.