Question

In Indian constitution the Fundamental Rights under the Articles 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 are based on the
1. Principle of Equality
2. Principle of Dignity
3. Principle of Humanity
4. None of the above

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : Principle of Equality

Articles 12-35 of the Indian Constitution deal with Fundamental Rights.

• These human rights are conferred upon the citizens of India for the Constitution tells that these rights are inviolable.
• Right to Life, Right to Dignity, Right to Education etc. all come under one of the six main fundamental rights.

Right to Equality (Articles 14 – 18):

• The right to equality provides for the equal treatment of everyone before the law, prevents discrimination on various grounds, treats everybody as equals in matters of public employment, and abolishes untouchability, and titles.
• Fundamental rights related to the Right to equality are:

Article	Consists of
14	Equality before the law and equal protection of laws
15	Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth
16	Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment
17	Abolition of untouchability and prohibition of its practice
18	Abolition of titles except military and academic

• Fundamental Rights:
  • Part III of the Constitution, from Articles 12 to 35, contains the Fundamental Rights.
  • The framers of the Constitution took inspiration from the United States Constitution (i.e., Bill of Rights).
  • Part III of the Constitution is referred to as India's Magna Carta.
  • The Constitution, which is the supreme law of the country, guarantees and protects Fundamental Rights. Fundamental Rights are justiciable in nature.
  • The aim of the Fundamental Rights is to promote the principle of political democracy.
  • Fundamental Rights works to prevent oppressive and despotic governance around the world and the government's violation of civil liberties and freedoms.

Other Fundamental Rights at a Glance:

Category	Article	Consists of
Right to freedom	19	Protection of six rights regarding freedom of (i) speech and expression, (ii) assembly, (iii) association, (iv) movement, (v) residence and (vi) profession
	20	Protection in respect of conviction for offences
	21	Protection of life and personal liberty
	21A	Right to elementary education
	22	Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases
Right against exploitation	23	Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour
	24	Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.
Right to freedom of religion	25	Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion
	26	Freedom to manage religious affairs
	27	Freedom from payment of taxes for promotion of any religion
	28	Freedom from attending religious instruction or worship in certain educational institutions
Cultural and educational rights	29	Protection of language, script and culture of minorities
	30	Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions
Right to constitutional remedies	32	Right to move the Supreme Court for the enforcement of fundamental rights including the writs of (i) habeas corpus, (ii) mandamus, (iii) prohibition, (iv) certiorari and (v) quo warranto