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Which of the following statements is correct?
1. Ratio of quantity of water stored into the root zone of the crop to the quantity of water delivered to the field is called water application efficiency.
2. Ratio of quantity of water stored in root zone during irrigation to water needed in root zone before irrigation is called water conveyance efficiency.
3. Ratio of quantity of water diverted from the reservoir to the water delivered to the field is called water use efficiency
4. Ratio of quantity of water used beneficially to water delivered to field is called water storage efficiency

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : Ratio of quantity of water stored into the root zone of the crop to the quantity of water delivered to the field is called water application efficiency.

The various types of irrigation efficiencies are given below:

1. Water Conveyance Efficiency: It is the ratio of water delivered to field (Wf) to the water diverted from reservoir (W) . Mathematically it is given as:

\({\eta _c} = \frac{{\;Water\;Delivered\;to\;field\;}}{{Water\;\;diverted\;from\;reservior}}\)

Water diverted from reservoir – Water delivered to field  = seepage loss in canal + Evaporation from canal.

2.  Water application Efficiency: It is the ratio of water stored in the root zone (Ws) to the water  delivered to field (Wf).  Mathematically it is given as:

\({\eta _a} = \frac{{\;{\rm{Water\;stored\;in\;the\;root\;zone\;}}\;}}{{\;Water\;Delivered\;to\;field\;}}\)

Water delivered to field – Water stored in the root zone = Runoff  + Evaporation 

3. Water Used Efficiency: It is the ratio of water used consumptively to the water delivered in the field.

\({\eta _u} = \frac{{\;{\rm{Water\;used\;consumptively\;\;}}\;}}{{\;Water\;Delivered\;to\;field\;}}\)

Water Used = Water stored (Ws) – leaching – other requirements

4. Water Storage Efficiency: It is the ratio of water actually stored in the root zone and water which is to be stored in the root zone to bring the water content to its field Capacity.

\({\eta _s} = \frac{{\;{\rm{water\;actually\;stored\;in\;the\;root\;zone\;}}\;}}{{Water\;is\;to\;be\;stored\;in\;the\;root\;zone\;to\;bring\;the\;water\;content\;to\;its\;field\;capacity\;}}\)

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