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Which of the following dance forms has been included in the UNESCO Heritage Dances in the year 2010?
1. Paika dance
2. Chau dance
3. Agni dance
4. Mundari dance

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Correct Answer - Option 2 : Chau dance

The correct answer is Chau.

  • The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation) inscribes three Indian performing-art forms, the Mudiyettu, a ritual theatre of Kerala, the Chhau dance, a tradition from eastern India, and the Kalbelia folk songs and dances of Rajasthan in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
  • This annual list, unlike the World Heritage list that focuses on monuments and natural sites, spotlights performing art forms of outstanding value and are vulnerable due to lack of support.

  • Kalbelia dance
    • It is a folk dance of the Rajasthan state of India. 
    • It is well known as 'Sapera Dance' or 'Snake Charmer Dance'.
    • It is mainly performed by a Rajasthani tribe called 'Kalbelia'.
    • It is listed under UNESCO's representative list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity from the year 2010.
  • The Mudiyettu,
    • It is the ritual dance-drama annually performed after the harvest of summer crops in Kerala, which is more than 250 years old.
    • This art form involves elaborate drawings on floors, masks made of areca nut fronds, and the playing of drums.
    • What was once well patronized, now has only three traditional families of regular performers.
  • The Chhau dance,
    • It is known for its crafted masks and mock combat movements that are prevalent in the tribal parts of Orissa, Jharkhand, and West Bengal.
  • The economic backwardness of the area, an extensive survey by the Sangeet Natak Akademi reveals, has had a negative impact on the artists of the Chhau and their art. Similarly, the Kalbeli community of snake charmers from Rajasthan are also impacted. 

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