Correct Answer - Option 1 : 0.5 to 1.5
Explanation:
Cast iron
- It is an alloy of iron, carbon, and silicon and it is hard and brittle.
- Carbon content in CI may be within 2% to 6.67% and carbon may be present as free carbon or iron carbide Fe3C.
- In general, the types of cast iron are (a) grey cast iron and (b) white cast iron (c) malleable cast iron etc.
Brass
- The brass alloy contains mainly copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn). It is generally yellow in colour.
- In brass, the quantity of zinc can vary from 5% to about 40%, and the amount of copper may range from 55% to 95% by weight.
- Brass has a composition of 70% of copper and 30% Zinc.
- Brass is not a good conductor of electricity. It is used in pipes and tubing, musical instruments, and decorative items etc.
Low Carbon Steel (Mild Steel):
- Low carbon steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. The carbon content varies from 0.05 to 0.15 % for dead mild steel and 0.15 to 0.3 % for mild steel.
- The dead mild steel is very much ductile and is used for making various components like sheets, strips, wires, rods etc.
- The mild steel is soft and ductile. It is used for making various structural sections like angles, channels, beams, rods, pins, etc.
Medium carbon steel:
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For medium carbon steel, the carbon percentage varies from 0.3 to 0.8%.
- These steels have better strength and not very easy to shape as mild steel.
- The hardness is slightly higher, and ductility is poor.
- The machine parts requiring strength like springs, automobile parts, shafts, dies for forging etc. are made from medium carbon steel.
High Carbon steel:
- The carbon percentage varies from 0.8 to 2%.
- A high percentage of carbon gives hardness and strength to the metal.
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It is mainly used for tools like chisels, hammers, dies, punches, broaches, reamers, drills, taps, etc. and the machine parts like springs, mandrels and similar parts requiring high strength and hardness.