Correct Answer - Option 1 : Ala-ud-din
Ala-ud-din Khilji (1296-1316 AD): In 1296 A.D. Ala-ud-din Khilji succeeded Jalal-ud-din Firoz Khilji and ascended the throne.
Domestic policies of Ala-ud-din Khilji:
- Ala-ud-din followed the Divine Right Theory of Kingship.
- He introduced four ordinances to prevent repeated revolts.
- He impounded pious grants and free grants of lands
- He restructured the spy system.
- He banned social parties and wine.
- He introduced a permanent standing army.
- He started the system of branding of horses and a descriptive roster of individual soldiers to inhibit corruption.
- He fixed the prices of necessary commodities which were below the normal market rates.
- He strictly prohibited black marketing.
- Revenue was collected in cash and not in kind.
- He followed discriminatory policies towards the Hindus and imposed the Jizya, a grazing tax, and a house tax on the Hindu community.
Hence, the correct answer is Ala-ud-din.
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Balban: Ghiyas ud din Balban, was the ninth sultan of the Mamluk dynasty of Delhi. Ghiyas ud Din was the regent of the last Shamsi sultan, Nasiruddin Mahmud. He reduced the power of the nobility and heightened the stature of the sultan.
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Jalal-ud-din: Jalal-ud-din Khalji was the founder and first Sultan of the Khalji dynasty that ruled the Delhi Sultanate from 1290 to 1320. Originally named Firuz, Jalal-ud-din started his career as an officer of the Mamluk dynasty and rose to an important position under Sultan Muizzuddin Qaiqabad.
