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Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Dioxins and furans are highly toxic substances produced mainly during incineration of municipal solid waste, hazardous and medical wastes.

Statement II: Dioxins and furans play a crucial role in photochemical smog formation.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:


1. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
3. Statement I is correct but Statement II is false
4. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true

1 Answer

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Best answer
Correct Answer - Option 3 : Statement I is correct but Statement II is false

Statement I: Dioxins and furans are highly toxic substances produced mainly during incineration of municipal solid waste, hazardous and medical wastes.

Explanation:

  • Dioxins are a group of highly toxic chemical compounds that are harmful to health. They can cause problems with reproduction, development, and the immune system.
  • They can also disrupt hormones and lead to cancer.
  • Known as persistent environmental pollutants (POPs), dioxins can remain in the environment for many years.
  • Dioxins are mainly byproducts of industrial practices. They are produced through a variety of incineration processes, including improper municipal waste incineration and burning of trash, and can be released into the air during natural processes, such as forest fires and volcanoes. 
  • Furan is a colorless, flammable, highly volatile liquid with a boiling point close to room temperature.
  • Furan is a volatile (boiling point = 31.4°C) cyclic ether found in cigarette smoke and is used in the production of resins and lacquers, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals
  • Furan is a heterocyclic organic compound, consisting of a five-membered aromatic ring with four carbon atoms and one oxygen. Chemical compounds containing such rings are also referred to as furans. Furan is used as a starting point for other specialty chemicals.

Therefore, Statement I is correct.

Statement II: Dioxins and furans play a crucial role in photochemical smog formation.

Explanation:

  • A chemical reaction between solar ultraviolet radiation and an atmosphere polluted with hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen causes photochemical smog.
  • This is especially common from automobile exhaust. 
  • Smog can happen both during the day and at night, but photochemical smog only happens in the presence of sunlight.
  • Photochemical smog is composed of primary and secondary pollutants. Primary pollutants, which include nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, are introduced into the atmosphere via vehicular emissions and industrial processes.
  • Photochemical smog is a type of smog produced when ultraviolet light from the sun reacts with nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere.
  • It is visible as a brown haze, and is most prominent during the morning and afternoon, especially in densely populated, warm cities.
  • Dioxins and furans do not play a crucial role in photochemical smog formation.

Therefore, statement II is incorrect.

Therefore, Statement I is correct but Statement II is false.

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