Correct Answer - Option 1 : substitution method
Explanation:
Measurement is a set of operations done with the aim of determining the value of a quantity which can be measured by various methods of measurements depending upon the accuracy required and the amount of permissible error.
The methods of measurement are
- Direct method
- Indirect method
- Absolute method
- Comparison method
- Substitution method
- Coincidence method
- Transportation method
- Deflection method
- Complementary method
- Null method
Direct Method: This is the simplest method of measurement in which the value of the quantity to be measured is obtained directly without any calculations, measurements by scales, vernier callipers, micrometres for linear measurement, bevel protractor for angular measurement, etc.
Comparison Method: The value of a quantity to be measured is compared with a known value of the same quantity or another quantity related to it. In this method, only deviations from master gauges are noted, eg, dial indicators & other comparators
Substitution Method: The quantity is measured by direct comparison on an indicating device by replacing the measurable quantity with another which produces the same effect on the indicating device, eg, measuring a mass by means of the Borda method.
