Correct Answer - Option 1 : Shunt conductance
Over Head insulator:
The insulator for overhead lines provides insulation to the power conductor from the ground. So, the insulator is to avoid leakage of current through the supports to the earth.
Shunt conductance:
- This parameter is associated with dielectric losses.
- Conductance from line to line or a line to ground accounts for losses that occur due to the leakage current at the cable insulation and the insulators between overhead lines.
Series resistance:
- The primary source of real power losses incurred in a transmission system is due to the resistance of the conductors.
- Power loss is directly proportional to the square of the RMS current traveling through the line.
Capacitance and Inductance:
- Power loss cannot occur due to the capacitance or inductance present in the transmission line.
- It can only occur due to the resistance in the transmission line.
- The capacitance and inductance present in the line however can trap energy in their electric fields and magnetic fields and effects the power transfer capability of the line.
Resistance, inductance, capacitance and shunt conductance are the distributed constants of a transmission line.
