Correct Answer - Option 3 : Concrete Operational Stage
According to Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory, our thoughts and reasoning are part of adaptation. Cognitive development follows a definite sequence of stages. Piaget described four major stages of cognitive development:
- Sensorimotor stage (Birth- 2 years)
- Pre-operational stage (2-7 years)
- Concrete operational stage (7-11 years)
- Formal operational stage (11+ years)
In Piaget’s theory, characteristics of the Concrete Operational Stage during middle childhood are as follows:
- Understanding of logical principles.
- Improvement in spatial reasoning.
- Logical thinking limited to real and concrete situations.
-
reversibility in thoughts
- s/he also progresses on the conservation
- s/he also graduates out of his/her egocentric thought and learns to appreciate other people’s point of view as well
- the concrete-operational child develops another mental capacity and that is the ability to classify on the basis of one characteristic be it colour, size or shape.
- when given a group of geometric shapes, they are likely to group the objects according to shape, size, or colour
Thus from above-mentioned points, it is clear that the ability of class grouping develops during the Concrete Operational Stage.
Characteristics of other stages are-
| Sensorimotor stage |
- action-oriented approach
- co-ordinate her reflexes
- representational though
|
| Pre-operational stage |
- Animistic and illogical thinking
- Egocentrism
- Reversibility
- Conservation
|
| Formal operational stage |
- able to perform higher-order mental operations
- the thought is flexible and they can deal effectively with the complex problems involving reasoning
- ability to perform hypothetic co-deductive reasoning
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