Question

Match the following:

1	Regulate	A	Maintain homeostasis
2	Conform	B	Diapause
3	Migrate	C	Maintain a constant internal environment
4	Suspend	D	Move away temporarily

1. 1(A), 2(C), 3(D), 4(B)
2. 1(A), 2(C), 3(B), 4(D)
3. 1(C), 2(A), 3(B), 4(D)
4. 1(C), 2(A), 3(D), 4(B)

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : 1(A), 2(C), 3(D), 4(B)

The correct answer is 1(A), 2(C), 3(D), 4(B).

• Regulate:
  • Some organisms can maintain homeostasis by physiological (sometimes behavioural also) means which ensures constant body temperature, constant osmotic concentration, etc.
  • All birds and mammals and a very few lower vertebrate and invertebrate species are indeed capable of such regulation (thermoregulation and osmoregulation). 
• ​Conform:
  • An overwhelming majority (99 per cent) of animals and nearly all plants cannot maintain a constant internal environment.
  • Their body temperature changes with the ambient temperature. In aquatic animals, the osmotic concentration of the body fluids changes with that of the ambient air, water osmotic concentration. These animals and plants are simply conformers.
  • Thermoregulation is energetically expensive for many organisms. This is particularly true for small animals like shrews and hummingbirds. 
• ​Migrate:
  • The organism can move away temporarily from the stressful habitat to a more hospitable area and return when the stressful period is over.
  • Many animals, particularly birds, during winter undertake long-distance migrations to more hospitable areas.
  • Every winter the famous Keoladeo National Park (Bharatpur) in Rajasthan host thousands of migratory birds coming from Siberia and other extremely cold northern regions.
• Suspend:
  • In bacteria, fungi and lower plants, various kinds of thick-walled spores are formed which help them to survive unfavourable conditions – these germinate on the availability of a suitable environment.
  • In higher plants, seeds and some other vegetative reproductive structures serve as means to tide over periods of stress besides helping in dispersal – they germinate to form new plants under favourable moisture and temperature conditions.