Question

List I gives the names of intelligence theories while List II indicates the proponents of theories

List I Intelligence theory		List II Promoters
a)	Multiple Factor theory	i)	Daniel Golemen
b)	Structure of Intellect model	ii)	Howard Gardner
c)	Multiple Intelligence	iii)	L.L. Thurstone
d)	Emotional Intelligence theory	iv)	J.P. Guilford

Choose the correct answer from the options given belows:

1. a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i
2. a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv
3. a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii
4. a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

Guilford’s structure of intellect theory

• The Structure of Intellect was first introduced by Joy Paul Guilford.
• The Structure Of Intellect theory of human intelligence consists of three core components: operations, contents, and products, which are known as dimensions. Hence, Abilities can be explained through basic mental processes, specific contents, and products.
• In Guilford's Structure of Intellect (SI) theory, intelligence is viewed as comprising operations, contents, and products.
• Since each of these dimensions is independent, there are theoretically 180 different components of intelligence.

Gardner’s multiple and emotional intelligence theory

• Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences proposes that people are not born with all of the intelligence they will ever have. The abilities can be nurtured and developed.
• This theory challenged the traditional notion that there is one single type of intelligence, sometimes known as “g” for general intelligence, that only focuses on cognitive abilities.
• The theory of multiple intelligence suggests that there are actually 8 different

1. Visual-Spatial Intelligence
2. Linguistic-Verbal Intelligence
3. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
4. Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
5. Musical Intelligence
6. Interpersonal Intelligence
7. Intrapersonal Intelligence
8. Naturalistic Intelligence

Daniel Goleman’s emotional intelligence theory

• According to Goleman, EI is a cluster of skills and competencies, which are focused on four capabilities: self-awareness, relationship management, and social awareness. Hence the emphasis is given to associative thinking and self-motivation
• Goleman argues that these four capabilities form the basis of 12 subscales of EI.
• He suggests that these subscales are: emotional self-awareness
• Emotional intelligence is the ability to perceive emotions, to access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional knowledge, and to reflectively regulate emotions so as to promote emotional and intellectual growth.

L.L. Thurstone's Multiple Factor theory

• Thurstone proposed a theory in the 1930s that intelligence is composed of several different factors.
• The seven primary mental abilities in Thurstone's model were verbal comprehension, word fluency, number facility, spatial visualization, associative memory, perceptual speed, and reasoning.
• According to the theory- intelligence is said to be constituted of a multitude of separate factors or elements each being a minute element or ability.
• A mental act involves a number of these minute elements operating together.

List I Intelligence theory		List II Promoters
a)	Multiple Factor theory	i)	L.L. Thurstone
b)	Structure of Intellect model	ii)	J.P. Guilford
c)	Multiple Intelligence	iii)	Howard Gardner
d)	Emotional Intelligence theory	iv)	Daniel Goleman