Correct Answer - Option 3 : 0.5
Concept:
Euler buckling load for a column is given by,
\({{\rm{P}}_{\rm{E}}}{\rm{\;}} = {\rm{\;}}\frac{{{{\rm{\pi }}^2}{\rm{EI}}}}{{{\rm{L}}_{\rm{e}}^2}}\)
Where, Le is the effective length of the column that depends on the end support conditions, and EI is the flexural rigidity of the column.
Now, effective length (Le) for different end conditions in terms of actual length (L) are listed in the following table:
Support Conditions
|
Effective length (Le)
|
Both ends hinged/pinned
|
Le = L
|
One end hinged other end fixed
|
Le = L/√2
|
Both ends fixed
|
Le = L/2
|
One end fixed and the other end free
|
Le = 2L
|
∴ For both ends fixed Effective length Le = 0.5 L