Question

Which of the following is an important and known cause of cognitive disabilities?

I. Trauma and physical agent

II. Chromosomal Abnormality

III. Psychiatric disorders

IV. Metabolism and nutrition

1. I, II, III and IV
2. I, II and IV
3. II, III and IV
4. I, II and III

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : I, II, III and IV

Cognitive disability is a term used when a person has certain limitations in mental functioning and in skills such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills. These limitations will cause a child to learn and develop more slowly than a typical child. Children with mental retardation may take longer to learn to speak, walk, and take care of their personal needs such as dressing or eating. They are likely to have trouble learning in school. They will learn, but it will take them longer. There may be some things they cannot learn.

Some of the important and known causes of cognitive disabilities can be:

• Chromosomal abnormality ( such as Down’s Syndrome)
• Psychiatric disorders
• Trauma and physical agent (for example, accidents, before during and after birth, anoxia)
• Metabolism and nutrition (for example, phenylketonuria )
• Gross brain disease (such as tumours), Prenatal influence ( for example, hydrocephalus, microcephalus)
• Infections and intoxication (for example, rubella, syphilis, encephalitis, meningitis)

Hence, we can conclude that all the above are some of the important and known causes of cognitive disabilities.