Correct Answer - Option 2 : 36π × 10
5
Concept:
If the material of the spring is linearly elastic, the load P and elongation δ are proportional, or P = k δ.
k = P / δ is the stiffness (or “spring constant”) with units N/m.
f = δ / P is the flexibility (or “compliance”) with units m/N.
For a prismatic bar,
\(\begin{array}{l} \sigma = E\varepsilon \\ \left( {\frac{P}{{{A_o}}}} \right) = E\left( {\frac{\delta }{{{L_o}}}} \right) \Rightarrow \delta = \frac{{P{L_o}}}{{E{A_o}}}\\ k = \frac{P}{\delta } = \frac{{E{A_o}}}{{{L_o}}}\\ f = \frac{\delta }{P} = \frac{{E{A_o}}}{{{L_o}}} \end{array}\)
Calculation:
Given,
E = 72 GPa = 72000 MPa
(1 GPa = 1000 MPa) and (1 MPa = 1 N/mm2)
Lo = 0.5 m = 500 mm
diameter, d = 10 mm
\({A_o} = \frac{π }{4}{d^2} = \frac{π }{4} × {10^2} = 25π \)
\(k = \frac{{E{A_o}}}{{{L_o}}} = \frac{{72000 × 25π }}{{500}} = 3600π\ N/mm\)
(1 m = 1000 mm)
Stiffness, k = 36 π × 105 N/m