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Which of the following relation is incorrect?


1. capacity factor = utilization factor × load factor
2. load factor × maximum load = average load
3. demand factor × connected load = maximum demand
4. none of these

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : none of these

Utilization factor: 

It is the ratio of maximum demand on the power station to the rated capacity of the power station.

Utilization factor = maximum demand / plant capacity

The value of the utilization factor is less than 1, it is because maximum demand is always less than the rated capacity

Load factor: 

The ratio of average load to the maximum demand during a given period is known as the load factor.

Load factor = average load / maximum demand

The value of the demand factor is less than 1 as the average load is less than the maximum demand

Demand factor: 

It is the ratio of maximum demand on the power station to its connected load.

Demand factor = Maximum Demand / Connected load

The value of the demand factor is usually less than 1. It is because maximum demand is always less than the connected load.

The knowledge of the demand factor is vital in determining the capacity of the plant equipment.

Relation between Capacity Factor, Utilization Factor & Load factor:

We know that,

Capacity factor (Cf) = \(\frac{Average Load(AL)}{Plant Capacity(PC)}\)

Utilization factor (Uf) = \(\frac{Maximum Demand(MD)}{Plant Capacity(PC)}\)

Load factor (Lf) = \(\frac{Average Load(AL)}{Maximum Demand(MD)}\)

Multiplied Load Factor and Utilization factor,

Lf × Uf\(\frac{AL}{MD}\times\frac{MD}{PC}=\frac{AL}{PC}\)

Hence, capacity factor = utilization factor × load factor

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