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Which one of the following styles of painting specifically depicted India as a quaint land to be explored by travelling British artists?
1. Mural painting
2. Picturesque landscape painting
3. Scroll painting
4. Portrait painting

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Correct Answer - Option 2 : Picturesque landscape painting

New Forms of Imperial Art 

  • From the eighteenth century a stream of European artists came to India along with the British traders and rulers.
  • The artists brought with them new styles and new conventions of painting.
  • European artists brought with them the idea of realism. This was a belief that artists had to observe carefully and depict faithfully what the eye saw. What the artist produced was expected to look real and lifelike.
  • European artists also brought with them the technique of oil painting – a technique with which Indian artists were not very familiar.
  • Oil painting enabled artists to produce images that looked real. Not all European artists in India were inspired by the same things. The subjects they painted were varied, but invariably they seemed to emphasise the superiority of Britain – its culture, its people, its power. 

Picturesque landscape painting

  • One popular imperial tradition was that of picturesque landscape painting.
  • This style of painting depicted India as a quaint land, to be explored by travelling British artists; its landscape was rugged and wild, seemingly untamed by human hands.
  • Thomas Daniell and his nephew William Daniell were the most famous of the artists who painted within this tradition. They came to India in 1785 and stayed for seven years, journeying from Calcutta to northern and southern India.
  • They produced some of the most evocative picturesque landscapes of Britain’s newly conquered territories in India. Their large oil paintings on canvas were regularly exhibited to select audiences in Britain, and their albums of engravings were eagerly bought up by a British public keen to know about Britain’s empire.

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