Question

Gregor Mendel is often referred to as the father of genetics, since he fist enunciated the principles of heredity. His experimental material was 
1. Fruit fly 
2. Bread mould 
3. Pea plant 
4. Rhesus monkey

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : Pea plant 

The correct answer is Pea plant.

• Mendel’s seminal work was accomplished using the garden pea, Pisum sativum, to study inheritance.
• This species naturally self-fertilizes, meaning that pollen encounters ova within the same flower.
• The flower petals remain sealed tightly until pollination is completed to prevent the pollination of other plants. The result is highly inbred, or “true-breeding,” pea plants.
• These are plants that always produce offspring that look like the parent.
• By experimenting with true-breeding pea plants, Mendel avoided the appearance of unexpected traits in offspring that might occur if the plants were not true-breeding.
• The garden pea also grows to maturity within one season, meaning that several generations could be evaluated over a relatively short time.
• Finally, large quantities of garden peas could be cultivated simultaneously, allowing Mendel to conclude that his results did not come about simply by chance.