Correct Answer - Option 1 : D
The correct answer is Electricity.
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Fossil fuels include coal, petroleum, peat, natural gas, oil shales, bitumens, tar sands, and heavy oils.
- All contain carbon and were formed as a result of geologic processes acting on the remains of organic matter produced by photosynthesis, a process that began in the Archean Eon (4.0 billion to 2.5 billion years ago).
- Hence, option 1 is correct.
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Fossil fuel power plants burn coal or oil to create heat which is in turn used to generate steam to drive turbines that generate electricity.
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In gas plants, hot gases drive a turbine to generate electricity, whereas a combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plant also uses a steam generator to increase the amount of electricity produced.
- In 2017, fossil fuels generated 64.5% of electricity worldwide.
- These plants generate electricity reliably over long periods of time and are generally cheap to build.
- However, burning carbon-based fuels produces large amounts of carbon dioxide, which drives climate change.
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These plants also produce other pollutants, such as oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, which cause acid rain.
