Correct Answer - Option 3 : B
The correct answer is Meerut.
The Revolt of 1857 AD:
- It occurred during the reign of Governor-General Lord Canning.
- Causes of the Revolt:
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The Beginning and Spread of the Revolt:
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On March 29, 1857, AD, an Indian sepoy of 34 Native Infantry, Mangal Pandey, killed two British officers–Hugeson and Baugh on parade at Barrackpore (near Calcutta). He was arrested and hanged.
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Political: Nana Sahib was refused pension, as he was the adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao II. Avadh was annexed in 1856. On charges of mal-administration, Satara, Jhansi, Nagpur, and Sambalpur were annexed owing to the Doctrine of Lapse.
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Economic: Heavy taxation, forcibly evictions, discriminatory tariff policy against Indian products.
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Socio-religious: Abolition of sati in 1829 AD; legalization of widow remarriage in 1856 AD, etc.
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Military: Discrimination with Indian soldiers. Indian soldiers were paid low salaries.
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Immediate cause: The introduction of Enfield rifles, whose cartridges were said to have a greased cover made of beef and pork, sparked off the revolt.
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The revolt of 1857 also known as India’s First War of Independence, Sepoy Mutiny, etc.
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The revolt began on May 10, 1857, at Meerut as a sepoy mutiny. It was initiated by sepoys in the Bengal Presidency against the British officers.
- This war of Independence marked the end of rule by the British East India company.
- Post this, India was directly ruled by the British government through representatives known as Governor-General.
- India now came under the direct rule of the British Crown.
- It was promised and due attention was paid to the customs and traditions of India.
- The Governor General’s office was replaced by that of the Viceroy.