Question

A set of equations involving electric and magnetic fields, and their sources, the charge and current densities are known as ______ equations.
1. Newton’s
2. Bhor’s
3. Einstein’s
4. Maxwell’s

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : Maxwell’s

The correct answer is Maxwell’s.

• Maxwell formulated a set of equations involving electric and magnetic fields, and their sources, the charge and current densities.
• We have so far established that the total flux of electric field out of a closed surface is just the total enclosed charge multiplied by 1/ε₀
  ∫E⋅dA = q/ε₀, It represents completely covering the surface with a large number of tiny patches having areas dA.,ε₀ = Vacuum permittivity.
• The electric field at a point situated at a distance d from a straight charged conductor is inversely proportional to d.
• A field line and an equipotential surface are always at 90°.

Newton’s Equations	1st law: An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton’s first law of motion, which is sometimes called the law of inertia, explains that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion with the same velocity unless acted upon by an external force. 2nd law: the acceleration of an object is dependent upon two variables - the net force acting upon the object and the mass of the object. The acceleration of an object depends directly upon the net force acting upon the object, and inversely upon the mass of the object. Newton's 2nd law of motion says the rate change of momentum is called force. 3rd law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Newton's law of universal gravitation: The attractive force between two objects (F) is equal to G times the product of their masses (m1, m2) divided by the square of the distance between them (r). F = G(m1m2/r2)
Bohr's equation	The great Danish physicist Niels Bohr made immediate use of Rutherford’s planetary model of the atom. Bohr’s theory explained the atomic spectrum of hydrogen and established new and broadly applicable principles in quantum mechanics. The observed hydrogen-spectrum wavelengths can be calculated using the following formula: 1/λ=R(1/nf2−1/ni2), where λ is the wavelength of the emitted EM radiation and R is the Rydberg constant, determined by the experiment to be R = 1.097 × 107 / m (or m−1). The constant nf is a positive integer associated with a specific series.
Einstein’s equation	Einstein's theory of special relativity shows that matter (as mass) and energy can be converted into each other according to the famous equation E = mc2, where E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light.