Question

Cadmium pollution is associated with disease
1. Blood Anaemia
2. Itai-Itai
3. Minamata
4. Pneumoconiosis

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 2 : Itai-Itai

Concept-

Industrial waste often contains a specific poison that is either dangerous to health or kills the bacteria that help in decomposition.

Some of the industrial wastes are-

Pollutants	Source	Effect on man	Name of disease
Mercury	In the air from the production of paints, cosmetics, etc.	Deformity	Minamata
Cadmium	Pesticides and phosphate fertilizers.	Skeletal deformities	Itai- Itai
Lead	From automobile exhausts using leading petrol.	Damage RBC	Blood anemia
Dust	Respiratory particulate matter present in industries.	Lung damage	Pneumoconiosis

Explanation-

• Itai-Itai is first reported in Toyoma city of japan as a mass cadmium poisoning.
• Cadmium is a heavy metal introduced into the environment (water) through the industry's discharge. Then through fish or as water introduced into the human body.
  • Due to the same oxidation number as Zn²⁺. It interferes with many biological reactions in enzymes and replaces Zn²⁺ with Ca²⁺.
  • Cadmium affects the human body by increasing blood pressure, kidney damage, bone narrow disorder. But mostly result in severe kidney damage and osteomalacia.
  • Osteo means bone and malacia means softness. In Japan, ouch-ouch refers to bone pain.
  • Itai-Itai also called ouch-ouch disease.