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Which of the following Mughal emperor signed the treaty of Allahabad with Robert Clive?
1. Alamgir II
2. Shah Alam I
3. Shah Alam II 
4. Alamgir I

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Correct Answer - Option 3 : Shah Alam II 

The correct answer is Shah Alam II.

  • The Treaty of Allahabad was signed on 12 August 1765, between the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, son of the late Emperor Alamgir II, and Robert Clive, of the East India Company, in the aftermath of the Battle of Buxar of 22 October 1764. 
  • The treaty was handwritten by I'tisam-ud-Din, a Bengali Muslim scribe and diplomat to the Mughal Empire.

  • The treaty gave the Company access to nearly 40,000 square kilometres of taxable fertile land.
  • British were entitled to collect tax directly in lieu of Rs 26 lakhs tribute to be paid annually to the Mughal.
  • The districts of Kora and Allahabad were also returned to the Mughal Emperor.
  • The Nawab of Awadh had to pay Rs 53 lakhs in war indemnity and was sent back to Awadh, with a promise to money to operate the court and a subsidiary army.
  • Nawab of Bengal retained the judicial functions but the Company had the power to collect revenue. 

  • This new set up called Dual System of Government and acquisition of the Diwani rights by the Company is an important event in the history of India.
  • This legally acknowledged the British control over Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa; only foujdari and administrative authority were left to the Nawab.

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