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The metal _____ is always kept in kerosene?
1. Sodium
2. Calcium
3. Magnesium
4. Aluminium

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : Sodium

The correct answer is Sodium.

CONCEPT:

  • Alkali metals are highly reactive due to their large size and low ionization energy.
  • Sodium is an alkali metal, it is always kept in kerosene to avoid contact with air and water.
  • It burns vigorously with air or oxygen forming sodium peroxide.

                                  2Na + O2  →  Na2O2

  • It reacts with carbon dioxide forming a layer of carbonate on its surface.
  • It also reacts with moisture and releases hydrogen.

                                  2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2

  • All these reactions are exothermic and may catch fire.
  •  Therefore Sodium cannot be stored in water.

EXPLANATION:

  • Calcium, magnesium, and aluminium also react with oxygen and water, but these reactions are not as violent as that of sodium and other alkali metals.
  • Calcium
  • Reaction with water - Calcium reacts with water and releases hydrogen, this is a vigorous reaction, but not violent as that of sodium. 

Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2

  •  Calcium gets slowly oxidised on exposure to air: 2Ca+ O→ 2CaO
  • Magnesium
  • It reacts only with hot water.
  • It burns in the air: 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
  • Aluminium
  • Aluminium doesn't react with pure water.
  • Aluminium gets slowly oxidised on exposure to air:  Al + O2 → Al2O3

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