Correct Answer - Option 3 : I, II and III
Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, has made a systematic study of intelligence/cognitive development in his theory that is categorized in four stages.
- He observed his children and their process of making sense of the world around them and developed a model of how the mind processes new information encountered.
According to Piaget, there are four stages of cognitive development-
- Stage I - The Sensory-Motor Stage (birth to 2 years)
- Stage II - The Pre-Operational Stage (2 to 7 years)
- Stage III - The Concrete-Operational Stage (7 to 11 years) and
- Stage IV - The Formal Operational Stage (11 to15 years)
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Stages
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Characteristics
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Sensorimotor (0-2 years)
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Infant explores the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical actions.
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Preoperational (2-7 years)
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Symbolic thought develops; object permanence is established; the child cannot coordinate different physical attributes of an object, use words and pictures to represent an object
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Concrete operational (7-11 years)
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The child can reason logically about concrete events and classify objects into different sets. He can perform reversible mental operations on representations of objects.
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Formal operational (11-15 years)
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The adolescent can apply logic more abstractly; hypothetical thinking develops, hence he can generalise ideas and has the ability to face envisaged thoughts and situations.
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Hence, we conclude that all the above points are related to the formal operational stage.
