Correct Answer - Option 1 : Hunter Commission
The correct answer is Hunter Commission.
Mahatma Jothirao Phule presented his testimonies regarding education to Hunter Commission (Education Commission) in 1881.
- Phule was responsible for movements for justice, equality, and liberation in India.
- 1st person to demand the independence of laborers, untouchables, and women
Hunter Commission:
- Presided by Sir William Hunter (appointed by Lord Rippon)
- Formed to locate aspects related to primary education in India
Major recommendations of Hunter Commission:
- Preference to literates for government jobs in the lower cadre
- Primary schools expansion in rural and backward areas
- Primary school’s education management to be handled by District and municipal boards as per Self Government Act
- Separation of funds for rural and urban schools to stop misuse of funds allocated to rural school by urban schools
- Private parties would establish Secondary schools
- Opening of Model schools in each district by the government to guide private schools
- Division of school curriculum including academic and vocational courses
- Special care for girls’ education
- Discourage Missionary schools
- Hunter Commission’s recommendations were limited to schools under British Indian Government.
- Lack of funds caused traditional schools to close which in turn increased the burden on government schools that had directly impacted primary education
- Simon Commission – (1928) to study constitutional reforms in British India led by Sir John Simon
- University Grants Commission – (1956) to maintain education standards; in India set up by the Government in accordance with UGC Act 1956
- Macaulay Commission – (1834) 1st law commission during British raj led by Lord Macaulay to bring law reforms in India
- 1st law commission of independent India – 1955 (3-year term)
