Correct Answer - Option 3 : System planning
Load Flow Study:
- The flow of electrical power in any interconnected electrical system is termed as Load Flow.
- The Load Flow Study is conducted to calculate the voltages at the various buses. It is also used for the study of the short-circuit conditions or any interconnected power system.
- The load flow study is essential for the operation of the power system under an operating condition, its improvement and future expansion.
- Load flow study generally carried out for System planning.
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The load flow study determining the best location, as well as the optimal capacity of the generating station, substation and the new lines.
- In the load flow studies in power systems, three types of buses are identified. In each bus, two variables are known, and the other two are to be calculated.
Classification of bus bars:
Voltage magnitude = |V|
Voltage phase angle = δ
Active power = P
Reactive volt-amperes = Q
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Bus Type
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Known parameters
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Unknown parameters
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Load bus / PQ bus
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P, Q
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|V|, δ
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Generator bus/ PV bus/
Voltage-controlled bus
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P,|V|
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Q, δ
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Slack bus/Swing bus/Reference bus
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|V|, δ
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P, Q
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