Correct Answer - Option 4 : 1, 2, 3 and 4
The correct answer is 1, 2, 3, and 4.
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Article 50: Separation of judiciary from the executive: The State shall take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State.
- Establishing village panchayats and endowing them with necessary powers and authority to enable them to function as units of self-government (Article 40).
- To protect monuments, places, and objects of artistic or historic interest which are declared to be of national importance (Article 49)
- Archeological Survey of India performs this function.
- To promote cottage industries on an individual or co-operation basis in rural areas (Article 43).
- Khadi and Village Industries Commission performs this function.
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Hence all statements are correct.
- India borrowed the DPSP from the Irish Constitution of 1937 which itself had borrowed it from the Spanish Constitution.
- Further, the Government of India Act had some “instruments of Instructions” which became the immediate source of DPSP.
- The fundamental rights and the directive principles find the common origin in the Sapru Report of 1945, which had divided the fundamental rights into two parts viz. Justifiable and non-justifiable rights.
- While justifiable rights were incorporated in Part III; non-justifiable rights were incorporated as directive principles to the state without any guarantee to be enforced via court.
- Thus, the directive principles are guidelines by the constitution to the state as defined in article 12 (central, state, local government, and bodies).
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Basic idea is that the “state” should keep these principles while framing laws, policies, ordinances, etc.