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Which one of the following is a correctly matched pair?
1. Formal operational child - Imitation begins, imaginary play 
2. Infancy - Applies logic and is able to infer
3. Pre-operational child - Deductive thought
4. Concrete operational child - Is able to conserve and classify

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : Concrete operational child - Is able to conserve and classify

Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development- 

According to Piaget, cognitive development takes place at different rates at different stages of development. At the elementary level, there is not only an increase in children's capacity to learn but also a qualitative change in their thinking process. 

Piaget has classified the whole continuum into four stages to elaborate on the process of cognitive development- 

  • Sensory Motor Period (0-2 years)
  • Pre-operational period (2-7 year- (a) pre-conceptual phase (2-4 years), (b) Intuitive phase (4-7 years)
  • Concrete operation period (7- 11 years)
  • Formal operational period (11-15 years)

Concrete Operational is the third stage in cognitive development theory in which-

  • Operational thinking starts
  • intelligence is demonstrated through logical and systematic manipulation of symbols to concrete objects.
  • children become more practical and realistic
  • develops problem-solving capacity, but concrete problems only, not abstract problem
  • can categorize object on the basis of attributes
  • capacities like conservation, numeration, seriation, classification, and relationship development.

Here it is clear that Concrete operational child - Is able to conserve and classify is the correctly matched pair.

 

Sensory-motor stage Pre-operational stage Formal operational stage
  • physical interaction and experience
  • physical development allows the child to begin developing new intellectual abilities
  • symbolic abilities are developed

 

  • intelligence is demonstrated through the use of symbols
  • language use matures
  • memory and imagination are developed
  • thinking is done in a non-logical, non-reversible manner
  • different and flexible ways to think about ideas.
  • ego-centric thoughts return
  • a stage of real versus possible
  • when children start thinking systematically and methodically.  
  • experience enrich with the age.

 

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