Correct Answer - Option 1 : Rind - galls
Defects of timber:
Rind - galls:
It is characterised by swelling caused by the growth of layers of sapwood over wounds after the branch has been cut off in an irregular manner.
Rupture:
Rupture is caused due to injury or impact.
Twisted fibres:
These are caused by wind constantly turning the trunk of young tree in one direction.
Wood with twisted fibres is known as reaction wood.
Knots:
These are bases of twigs or branches buried by cambial activity of the mother branch. The root of the branch is embedded in the stem, with the formation of annual rings at right angles to those of the stem
