Correct Answer - Option 3 : Active Earth pressure
Explanation:
Earth pressure:
- In the designing of retaining walls, sheet pile walls, and other retaining structures, the pressure exerted by materials retained by these structures should also be considered. This pressure exerted by retaining material is termed as Earth pressure.
- Retaining material retained by retaining wall or structure is termed as backfill which may have its top surface horizontal or inclined.
Eartha pressure at rest condition:
Pressure coefficient at rest condition is given by;
\(K_o=1-sinϕ\)
Active earth pressure:
Active search pressure coefficient is given by:
\({K_a} = \frac{{1 - sin\phi }}{{1 + sin\phi }}\)
Passive earth pressure:
Passive earth pressure coefficient is given by;
\({K_p} = \frac{{1 + sin\phi }}{{1 - sin\phi }}\)
