Correct Answer - Option 3 : Soil pollution
1. Soil pollution refers to anything that causes contamination of soil and degrades the soil quality.
- The soil contamination can occur due to the presence of chemicals such as pesticides, herbicides, ammonia, petroleum hydrocarbons, lead, nitrate, mercury, naphthalene, etc., in an excess amount.
2. Air pollution refers to the release of pollutants into the air that is detrimental to human health and the planet as a whole.
3. Water pollution occurs when harmful substances—often chemicals or microorganisms—contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment.
4. An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially the marine ecosystem, due to human activity, and is a form of pollution. The term is usually given to marine oil spills, where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters, but spills may also occur on land.
