Correct Answer - Option 1 : Ampere's law,
\(\frac{{\delta D}}{{\delta t}}\)
Amperes law:
The line integral of the magnetic field around any closed curve is equal to μ0 times the net current I threading through the area enclosed by the curve.
\(\oint \vec B \cdot \overrightarrow {dl} = {\mu _0}I\)
Modified Ampere's Law:
- To modify Ampere’s law, Maxwell followed a symmetry consideration, i.e. by Faraday’s law, a changing magnetic field induces an electric field, hence a changing electric field must induce a magnetic field.
- As currents are the usual sources of the magnetic field, a changing electric field must be associated with the current. Maxwell called that current as displacement current.
- To maintain the dimensional consistency, the displacement current is added in ampere’s law.
\(\oint \vec B \cdot \overrightarrow {dl} = {\mu _0}I + {\mu _0}{\epsilon_0}\left( {\frac{{d{{\rm{E}}}}}{{dt}}} \right)\)
\(\oint \vec B \cdot \overrightarrow {dl} = {\mu _0}I + {\mu _0}{}\left( {\frac{{d{{\rm{D}}}}}{{dt}}} \right)\)
The inconsistency of continuity equation for time varying fields was corrected by Maxwell and the correction applied was
\(\left( {\frac{{d{{\rm{D}}}}}{{dt}}} \right)\)
Gauss' Law:
1) This law gives the relation between the distribution of electric charge and the resulting electric field.
2) According to this law, the total charge Q enclosed in a closed surface is proportional to the total flux ϕ enclosed by the surface.
ϕ α Q
3) The Gauss law formula is expressed by
ϕ = Q / ϵ0
\(\oint \vec E \cdot \overrightarrow {dA}=Q/\epsilon_0\)
