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Which of the following statements is/are incorrect about the Indian Economy during the British Raj?

1. The 1st census data was compiled in 1891 during the British Raj.

2. The Iron and Steel industries were adversely affected during the partition of India.

3. The commercialization of agriculture begins in India after Independence.


1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : 1, 2 and 3

All the options are incorrect.

  • The 1st census data was compiled in 1881 during the British Raj. Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect.
    • The life expectancy during British India was 32 years.
    • The IMR (Infant Mortality Rate) during British India was 218 per 1000.
    • India’s economy under the British colonial rule remained fundamentally agrarian.
    • About 85 per cent of the country’s population lived mostly in villages and derived livelihood directly or indirectly from agriculture.
  • The Textile and Jute industries were adversely affected during the partition of India. Hence, Statement 2 is incorrect.
    • Muslin is a type of cotton textile which had its origin in Bengal, particularly, places in and around Dhaka, now the capital city of Bangladesh.
    • Dacca Muslin’ had gained worldwide fame as an exquisite type of cotton textile.
    • The finest variety of muslin was called malmal. Sometimes, foreign travellers also used to refer to it as malmal shahi or malmal khas implying that it was worn by, or fit for, the royalty.
    • After Partition, Cotton textile and Jute growth areas went to Pakistan, now Bangladesh which jeopardized Indian Textile and Jute industries.
    • The Iron and Steel industries were established around the 20th Century near Chotanagpur areas.
  • The commercialization of agriculture begins in India during the British Raj. Hence, Statement 3 is incorrect.
    • Indigo Plantation
    • Cotton Plantation
    • Tea Plantation

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