Correct Answer - Option 1 : 10 kg
Concept:
Pascal’s Law:
- It was given by Blaise pascal
- It is also known as principle of transmission of fluid pressure
- It states that the pressure change at any point in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere.
- Alternate definition:- The pressure applied to any part of the enclosed liquid will be transmitted equally in all directions through the liquid.
Applications:
- The underlying principle of hydraulic jack and hydraulic press.
- Force amplification in the braking system of most motor vehicles.
- Used in artesian wells, water towers and dams.
Calculation:
Given:
Diameter of plunger, d = 1.5 cm, Diameter of ram, D = 15 cm, weight exerted on the ram, F1 = 1000 kg
According to pascals law,
Pressure applied at plunger = Pressure exerted on the ram
\(\frac{{{F_1}}}{{{A_1}}} = \frac{{{F_2}}}{{{A_2}}}\)
\(\frac{{1000}}{{\frac{{\pi {D^2}}}{4}}} = \frac{{{F_2}}}{{\frac{{\pi {d^2}}}{4}}}\;\)
∴ \({F_2} = \frac{{{d^2}}}{{{D^2}}} \times 1000 = \frac{{{{1.5}^2}}}{{{{15}^2}}} \times 1000 = 10 ~kg\)
Here, F2 = force required on the plunger