Question

Consider the following events associated with reference to the Round Table Conferences held in the early 1930s:

A) Gandhi-Irwin pact

B) First Round Table Conference

C) Poona Pact

D) Communal Award

Which of the following is the correct sequence in chronological order of the given events.

1. B-A-D-C
2. B-C-D-A
3. A-D-C-B
4. D-A-B-C

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : B-A-D-C

The correct answer is B-A-D-C.

• First Round Table Conference-
  • The First Round Table Conference was held from 12 November 1930 to 19 January 1931.
  • The Congress boycotted the conference as its demand for a discussion on Poorna Swaraj of India was rejected by the British Government.
  • The representatives of the Princely states, minority communities, and depressed classes attended the conference.
  • But without the congress, the conference failed to reach any settlement on Indian problems.
• Gandhi Irwin Pact-
  • After the failure of the First Round Table Conference efforts were made by the Government to make an agreement with the congress so that it would attend the next Round Table Conference.
  • The Viceroy, Lord Irwin, was authorised to hold talks with Mahatma Gandhi.
  • Finally, Gandhi and Irwin reached an agreement on 5 March 1931.
  • The agreement is called the Gandhi-Irwin pact. By this pact, the Government agreed to release most of the civil disobedience volunteers, against whom there was no allegation of violence.
  • The Congress suspended the Civil Disobedience Movement and agreed to participate in the Second Round Table Conference.
• Communal Award-
  • In August 1932, the Government announced the communal Award which provided separate electorates for Muslims, Sikhs, and depressed classes. 
  • Gandhi strongly opposed the order by undertaking a fast unto death in the Yeravada Jail. The nation was shocked at Gandhi‘s decision. The leaders immediately negotiated with the representatives of the backward castes and compromise was affected.
• Poona Pact and Third Round Table Conference-
  • Poona Pact (Sept 24, 1932) was signed with B.R Ambedkar as a means to end the fast that Gandhi was undertaking in jail.
  • The Third Round Table Conference (Nov. 17–Dec. 24, 1932) was shorter and less important, with neither the Congress nor the British Labour Party attending.