1.
- The study of origin and growth of societies are important in sociology to understand several personal and social issues.
- England was the centre of the industrial revolution. The understanding of how urbanization or factory production influenced all modern societies is very important.
- Sociology of India reflects origin and growth of people, social institution and their problems. Indian history is full of imperialistic invasions. In India there has been a long past of feudalism, capitalism and colonization.
- Indian history related to political, social or cultural domains is written by foreigners, and therefore it is far from truth.
- Basically, it is biased. Therefore, Sociology of India is also biased. Presently Indian society can be understood in its complexity of tradition which are influenced by Turks, Mongols, Kushan, Afgans and Britishers and the influence of modem world. Indian sociology is a complex product of its history.
Therefore, the study of the origin and growth of society is important for sociology.
2.
- Society is the web of social relationship.
- Sociology is a system of usage and procedures of authority and mutual aid of many groupings and division of control of human behaviour and of liberties. (Maciver and Page).
- This definition of sociology emphasizes that main features of society are usage, procedure, authority, mutual aid, group and division and liberties.
- Usage means accepted ways (norms) of the society.
- Procedure refers to social institutions like family or marriage which is important for social network.
- Authority means a system which controls the units of society (Individual) or maintains a social web.
- Groups and division mean groups and subgroups in which the individual interacts and learn social norms.
- Control of human behaviour refers to social control and freedom to the individuals in the form of written or unwritten norms which are important for smooth functioning of social network.
- Above-mentioned elements are different aspects of society and web of social relationship, according to Maciver and Page.
3.
Sociology is a systematic study of society, which is distinct from philosophical and religious reflections, as well as our everyday common sense observation about society.
4.
The organism needs food, sex and security. Both human beings and animals are similar in security needs, reproduction, sensations, mental process, blood circulation and diseases. But both are different:
- Humans have their own culture, comprising experiences with which animals are deprived.
- Human beings have a complex system of speech and communication. We can comprehend, can use hands, whereas animals cannot.
5.
Society is a continuous process. It functions naturally. Society is not imposed upon people, rather it is accepted by the members. The most important part in the functioning of society is negotiations. Due to social interaction, society gets constituted and reconstituted.
