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State the causes responsible for the rise of Congress system in India. 

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The causes responsible for the rise of Congress system in India – 

i. The coalition like character of the Congress gave it an unusual strength. A coalition accommodates all those who join it. So, it has to avoid any other extreme position and strike a balance on almost all issues. 

ii. Secondly, in a party that has the nature of a Coalition, there is a greater tolerance of internal differences and ambitions of various groups and leaders are accommodated. 

iii. Even if a group was not happy with the position of the party or with its share of power, it would remain inside the party and fight the other groups rather than leaving the party and becoming an ‘opposition’. These groups inside the party are called factions. 

iv. The factions took different ideological positions making the Congress appear as a grand centrist party. 

v. The other parties primarily attempted to influence these factions and thereby indirectly influenced policy 

vi. Therefore, political competitions took place within the Congress. In that sense, in the first decade of electoral competitions the Congress acted both as the ruling party as well as the opposition party with in itself. That is why this period of Indian politics has been described as the Congress System.

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