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What are the Factors affecting the evaporation?

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The Factors affecting the evaporation:

• Temperature

• Pressure

• Surface area

• Humidity in air

• Wind speed

• Temperature

Evaporation increases with increase in temperature and decreases with decrease in temperature. This means rate of evaporation is directly proportional to the temperature.

With increase in temperature the particles of liquid at surface get required kinetic energy to overcome the force of attraction and escape in air quickly. Hence, the increase in temperature increases the rate of evaporation.

• Pressure

Evaporation decreases with increase in pressure and increases with decrease in pressure. 

This means the rate of evaporation is indirectly proportional to the pressure. Particles at the surface of liquid require more kinetic energy to escape in air when there is more pressure over it and hence rate of evaporation will decrease. While if there is less pressure over the surface of liquid, the particles would require less kinetic energy to escape in air and hence rate of evaporation will increase. Therefore, increase in pressure slows down the rate of evaporation and decrease in pressure speeds up the rate of evaporation.

• Surface area

Evaporation increases with increase in surface area and decreases with decrease in surface area.

Since evaporation takes place at the surface of liquid only, hence if the more surface of liquid is exposed to atmosphere more particles will receive the required temperature to get the required kinetic energy to escape in air. Therefore, evaporation takes place more rapidly with larger surface area. This means rate of evaporation increases with increase in surface area and decreases with decrease in surface area.

• Humidity in air

Evaporation decreases with increase in humidity and increases with decrease in humidity present in air. This means rate of evaporation is indirectly proportional to the humidity present in air.

Humidity is the amount of water vapor present in air. In weather reports, which are published in news paper or given on the TVs channels, the humidity percent is given, which shows the percent of water vapor present in air.

Because of more water vapor present in air the water holding capacity of atmosphere decreases which decrease the rate of evaporation. If air is dry then it can holds more water and thus in dry air rate of evaporation increases.

• Wind speed

Evaporation increases with the increase in wind speed and decreases with decrease in wind speed. This means rate of evaporation is directly proportional to the speed of wind.

Speedy wind propelled away some of the particles of water with it which speeds up the rate of evaporation. That’s why speedy wind speeds up the rate of evaporation.

We see that wet cloth is dried up quickly in a windy day since the wind speeds up the rate of evaporation.

The wet clothes are given jerks before hanging them on laundry line because by giving jerks some of the water droplets propelled out. This reduces the presence of water in the wet cloths and they dried up quickly.

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