The analysis thus provides that women who usually spent one to 5 h to fetch firewood earlier now have to spend 5 to 10 h a day. It means the time for collecting firewood has almost doubled. It is largely due to the deforestation that has taken place in the vicinity of the study villages.
In case of agricultural activities, the women used to give a lot of time about ten years ago, but now it is reduced to negligible in some activities and even nil in other cases. Most of the women from Gho; Samanu; Uparla Thara; and Basa sailed in the same boat in the past and even in the present they have been affected similarly. In the past they used to devote good time to agricultural activities, pattal making and less time to collection of fire wood; but now the time spent on agricultural activities has largely reduced and also it has reduced in case of pattal making. Whereas, now women spend more time on collecting fire wood as the forests after being cut have become distant from heir residential places.