Undoubtedly the rapid growth in industries has led to considerable economic growth but it has also led to the increase in pollution of land, water, air, noise eventually resulting in degradation of environment. Air and water pollution is prominent of them all.
(a) Air Pollution: Presence of high proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide in the air is very dangerous. Smoke is emitted by chemical and paper factories, brick kilns, refineries and smelting plants, and burning of fossil fuels in big and small factories that ignore pollution norms. Toxic gas leaks can be very hazardous with long-term effects. Air pollution adversely affects human health, animals, plants, buildings and the atmosphere as a whole.
(b) Water Pollution: Organic and inorganic industrial wastes and effluents are discharged into rivers. They make the river water polluted. The main industries that are responsible for it includes paper, pulp, chemical, textile and dyeing, petroleum refineries, tanneries and electroplating industries that let out dyes, detergents, acids, salts and heavy metals like lead and mercury pesticides, fertilisers, synthetic chemicals with carbon, plastics and rubber, etc. into the water bodies. Rainwater takes the pollutants deep to the ground thus contaminating the ground water also.
