(a) Centre of curvature: It is the centre of the spheres of which the each surface of the lens forms a part. Represented by C or 2f.
(b) Principal axis: An imaginary straight line passing through the two centres of curvatures.
(c) Optical centre: It is the central point of the lens. Represented by O.
(d) Aperture: It is the diameter of circular outline of a spherical lens.
(e) Focus: The point at which rays of light parallel to principal axis converges (convex lens) or appears to diverge (concave lens) after refraction. Represented by F.
(f) Focal length: The distance between focus and optical centre is called focal length. It is represented by f.
