Let, the breadth of the rectangle be x
and the length of the rectangle (x+3)
Therefore, area of the rectangle =180
=> Length×breath=180
=> x × (x+3)=180
=> x² + 3x - 180=0
=>x² - 15x + 12x - 180=0
=>x(x-15) + 12(x-15)=0
=>(x+12) (x-15)
Hence, length is 15cm.
and breadth is 12cm.