Technical reforms: The changes in technical things such as seeds, fertilizers and farm implements that have taken in India are known as technical reforms.
Following technical reforms have taken place in Indian agriculture: The farmers who earlier used leather buckets and water wheel, now use submersible pumps or mono-block pumps, solar pumps, drip irrigation and sprinklers to irrigate his fields. Today’s farmer uses chemical fertilizers like di-ammonia phosphate (D.A.P), nitrogen, phosphorous, potash (N.P.K.), urea and other bio-fertilizers, liquid bio-fertilizers and biotech seeds.
Government and several NGOs constantly guide the farmers about various aspects of agriculture. They guide through radio, television, newspapers, DD Kisan Channel, SMS, Web portals, i-khedut and mobile app like ‘agri market’. The farmers can also call at Kisan Call Centre and solve his queries and seek guidance regarding farming issues. Village gram sevaks guide farmers about the new agricultural researches and new techniques. Government has established farmer training centre in every district headquarter to train the farmers.
Several agricultural fairs are also held in Gujarat where in the farmers come to known about the new development taken place in agriculture. Agricultural University and agricultural colleges are established in every state to teach students about agriculture and conduct research. Agricultural Universities are established at Dantiwada, Junagadh, Anand and Navsari in Gujarat. These universities carry out research and prepare new experts in agriculture. Institutions like Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR) and Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE) work at national level for research and development in agriculture.
