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Arrhenius Concept (1880 - 1890).

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i. An Arrhenius acid is a substance which furnishes hydrogen ions (H+ ions) in aqueous solution,

HCI →H+ + CI- (strong acid)

CH3 COOH  CH3 COO + H+ (weak acid)

ii. An Arrhenius base is a substance which furnishes hydroxyl (OH-) ions in aqueous solution, e.g.,

NaOH →Na+ + OH (strong base)

NH4 OH  NH4+ + OH-  (weak base)

iii. The strength of an acid or base depends upon its tendency to furnish H+ or OH- ions in solution, respectively.

iv. Water is amphoteric because it furnishes both H+ and OH- ions in solution

H2 H+ + OH-

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