The rules of IUPAC nomenclature for these compounds are,
Selecting the principal chain. Select the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms containing the principal functional group and maximum number of secondary functional groups and multiple bonds.
Numbering the principal chain. Number the principal chain in such a way that the principal functional group gets the lowest possible locant followed by double/triple bond.
Alphabetical order. Identify the prefixes and the locants for the secondary functional groups and other substituents and place them in alphabetical order before the word root .
Organic compounds may be sometimes represented by bond–line notation
In this notation, bonds are represented by lines and carbon atoms by line ends and intersections. It is assumed that required number of H–atoms are present wherever they are necessary to satisfy tetracovalency of carbon. For example,
