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Describe the main objectives of Physical Education.

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Difference in the terms ‘Aim’ and ‘Objectives’:

It is essential to differentiate ‘aim’ from ‘objectives’ before we understand them individually. Generally, aim and objective are treated as synonyms,, but in fact these two terms are not synonyms. There is a distinct line that divides the two, and brings out the difference in their meanings. “Aim” is the final goal whereas ‘objective’ is a definite and distinct stage. If our aim is the top-most floor, then the objective constitutes small stages in the way to this floor, and by crossing these stages we reach the destination.

So we can say that in climbing the staircase to our destination objective serves as stairs. When the aim of Physical Education is to produce superior citizens, its objective is to keep them physically healthy. Among its others objectives are to inculcate good habits in man and to endow him with traits of good character. In order to realize the aim of total development of a man’s personality, his physical, mental and moral development are the essential objectives.

Aim of Physical Education:

Different scholars have expressed their opinions in their own way about the aim of Physical Education. The opinion of some of these scholars are as follows :

1. Views of J.F. Williams:

“Physical Education should aim to provide the skilled leadership, adequate facilities and ample time. For affording full opportunity for individuals and groups to participate in situation that are physically wholesome, mentally stimulating and satisfying and socially sound.”

2. Views of J.R. Sharman:

“The aim of Physical Education is to influence the experiences of persons to the extent that each individual within the limits of his capacity may be helped to adjust successfully in society, to increase and improve his wants and to develop the ability to satisfy his wants.” Views of Central Advisory Board of Physical Education. “The aim of Physical Education is to make every child physically, mentally and constitutionally fit and also to develop in him such personal and social qualities as will help him live happily with others and build him up as a good citizen.”

3. Views expressed in Conference of Principals of Physical Training Colleges.

“Physical Education should aim to provide opportunities that will make the children and youth of India physically, mentally and constitutionally fit and develop in them the skills and attitudes conducive to long, happy and creative living in a changing society.”

Conclusion:

From the above-mentioned definitions we arrival the conclusion that the aim of Physical Education is the total development of man. Almost all scholars agree that through the medium of Physical Education such qualities should be inculcated in man that may ensure his physical, mental and emotional development.

Objectives of Physical Education:

As has already been mentioned, aim is the final goal for the realization of which there are some objectives. Generally, the aim is one whereas to realize that aim there may be more than one objectives. So Physical Education has only one aim man’s total all-round development, but there are many objectives to realize this aim.

Different scholars have expressed different views about the objectives of Physical Education. The views of some prominent scholars are given ahead:

1. According to Laski.

Physical Education has the following five objectives:

  • Physical Aspect of Development.
  • Emotional Aspect of Development.
  • Social Aspect of Development.
  • Intellectual Aspect of Development.
  • Neuro-muscular Aspect of Development.

2. J.B. Nash has given the following four objectives of Physics Education:

  • Neuro-muscular Development
  • Emotional Development
  • Interpretative Development
  • Organic Development.

3. Another scholar named Buck Walter has divided the objectives. Physical Education into three main categories.

They are as follows:

  • Health
  • Ethical Character
  • Worthy Use of Leisure.

4. Renowned scholar H.C. Buck has categorized the objectives Physical Education as follows:

  • Organic Development
  • Development of Neuro-muscular Co-ordination
  • Development of Right Attitude towards Play and Physical Activities
  • Development of Right Social Attitude and Conduct
  • Development of Correct Health Habits.

In similar says, many other scholars have expressed their opinion about the objectives of Physical Education. Among these scholar the prominent are H. Clark, Hetherington, Wood, Cassidy etc.

Conclusion:

A study of all the above-mentioned views given by difference scholars about the objectives of Physical Education make if clean that Physical Education has the following four main objectives:

  • Physical Development Objectives
  • Mental Development Objectives
  • Motor Development Objectives
  • Social Development Objectives.

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